The State Council issued the "2024–2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan"

Notice of the State Council on Issuing the "2024-2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan"

Guo Fa [2024] No. 12

People's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, all ministries and commissions of the State Council, and all directly affiliated institutions:

The "2024-2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan" is hereby issued to you. Please conscientiously implement it.

State Council

May 23, 2024

(This document has been abridged)

2024-2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan

Energy conservation and carbon reduction are important measures to actively and steadily promote carbon peak and carbon neutrality, comprehensively advance the construction of a Beautiful China, and promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. To intensify efforts in energy conservation and carbon reduction, adopt practical and effective measures, and strive to complete the binding targets for energy conservation and carbon reduction during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, this plan is formulated.

I. Overall Requirements

Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, fully implement Xi Jinping's economic thought and ecological civilization thought, adhere to the general principle of seeking progress while maintaining stability, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development philosophy, consistently adhere to the priority of conservation, improve the total energy consumption and intensity control, focus on controlling fossil energy consumption, strengthen carbon emission intensity management, implement special energy conservation and carbon reduction actions by field and industry, carry out energy conservation and carbon reduction work at a higher level and quality, better leverage the economic, social, and ecological benefits of energy conservation and carbon reduction, and lay a solid foundation for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.

In 2024, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are expected to decrease by about 2.5% and 3.9% respectively; energy consumption per unit of industrial added value above designated size is expected to decrease by about 3.5%; the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption is expected to reach about 18.9%; energy-saving and carbon-reduction renovations in key fields and industries are expected to save about 50 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 130 million tons.

In 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption is expected to reach about 20%; energy-saving and carbon-reduction renovations in key fields and industries are expected to save about 50 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 130 million tons; efforts will be made to complete the binding targets for energy conservation and carbon reduction during the 14th Five-Year Plan period to the greatest extent possible.

II. Key Tasks

(1) Fossil Energy Consumption Reduction and Substitution Action

1. Strictly and reasonably control coal consumption. Strengthen clean and efficient utilization of coal, promote low-carbon transformation and construction of coal-fired power, advance the "three linked transformations" of energy-saving and carbon-reduction, flexibility, and heating in coal power. Strictly implement total coal consumption control in key areas for air pollution prevention and control, focus on reducing non-power coal use, continuously promote the shutdown and consolidation of coal-fired boilers, clean energy substitution for industrial kilns, and scattered coal governance. For new and expanded coal projects in key air pollution prevention and control areas, implement coal consumption equivalent or reduced substitution according to law. Reasonably control the scale of the semi-coke (blue coke) industry. By the end of 2025, scattered coal in plain areas of key air pollution prevention and control regions will be basically eliminated, and coal-fired boilers of 35 tons/hour and below and various coal-fired facilities will be basically phased out.

2. Optimize oil and gas consumption structure. Reasonably regulate petroleum consumption, promote advanced bio-liquid fuels and sustainable aviation fuels. Accelerate large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale oil (gas), coalbed methane, and tight oil (gas). Orderly guide natural gas consumption, prioritize ensuring residential life and clean heating in northern regions. Except for existing self-owned units of petrochemical enterprises, high-sulfur petroleum coke shall not be used as fuel.

(2) Non-Fossil Energy Consumption Promotion Action

1. Increase efforts in developing non-fossil energy. Accelerate the construction of large wind and photovoltaic bases focusing on deserts, gobi, and wastelands. Develop offshore wind power in a reasonable and orderly manner, promote large-scale development and utilization of marine energy, and promote distributed new energy development and utilization. Orderly build large hydropower bases, actively, safely, and orderly develop nuclear power, develop biomass energy according to local conditions, and coordinate the advancement of hydrogen energy development. By the end of 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy power generation nationwide will reach about 39%.

2. Improve renewable energy consumption capacity. Accelerate the construction of outbound channels for large wind and photovoltaic bases, enhance cross-province and cross-region power transmission capacity. Accelerate distribution network transformation, improve the carrying capacity of distributed new energy. Actively develop pumped storage, new energy storage. Vigorously develop new technologies and models such as microgrids, virtual power plants, and vehicle-grid interaction. By the end of 2025, the installed capacity of pumped storage and new energy storage nationwide will exceed 62 million kW and 40 million kW respectively; demand response capacity in various regions should generally reach 3%-5% of the maximum electricity load, and in regions where the annual maximum electricity load peak-valley difference rate exceeds 40%, demand response capacity should reach more than 5% of the maximum electricity load.

3. Vigorously promote non-fossil energy consumption. Scientifically and reasonably determine the scale of new energy development. Under the premise of ensuring economic viability, the utilization rate of new energy in resource-rich areas can be reduced to 90%. Regions lagging behind in energy conservation and carbon reduction targets in the first three years of the 14th Five-Year Plan shall implement non-fossil energy consumption commitments for new projects. In the last two years of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption in newly added high energy-consuming projects shall not be less than 20%, and localities are encouraged to raise the proportion requirements according to actual conditions. Strengthen the connection between renewable energy green power certificates (hereinafter referred to as green certificates) trading and energy conservation and carbon reduction policies, achieving full coverage of green certificate issuance by the end of 2024.

(3) Steel Industry Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action

1. Strengthen steel production capacity and output regulation. Strictly implement steel capacity replacement, strictly prohibit the addition of steel capacity under the guise of mechanical processing, casting, ferroalloy, etc., and strictly prevent the resurgence of "local steel" capacity. Continue to implement crude steel output regulation in 2024. Regions lagging behind in energy conservation and carbon reduction targets in the first three years of the 14th Five-Year Plan shall, in principle, not add new steel capacity in the last two years of the 14th Five-Year Plan. New and expanded steel smelting projects must meet energy efficiency benchmark levels and environmental performance grade A levels.

2. Deeply adjust steel product structure. Vigorously develop high-performance special steel and other high-end steel products, strictly control exports of low value-added basic raw material products. Promote integrated layout of steel, coking, and sintering, significantly reduce independent coking, sintering, and hot rolling enterprises and processes. Vigorously promote scrap steel recycling, support the development of electric furnace short-process steelmaking. By the end of 2025, the proportion of electric furnace steel output in total crude steel output is expected to increase to 15%, and scrap steel utilization is expected to reach 300 million tons.

3. Accelerate energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation in the steel industry. Promote comprehensive utilization of blast furnace top gas, coke oven gas waste heat, and low-grade waste heat, and popularize process connection technologies such as one-pot molten iron tapping and hot charging and hot delivery of cast billets. Strengthen demonstration and application of low-carbon smelting technologies such as hydrogen metallurgy. By the end of 2025, the proportion of steel industry capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will reach 30%, capacity below the energy efficiency baseline will complete technical transformation or be phased out, and more than 80% of steel capacity nationwide will complete ultra-low emission transformation; compared with 2023, the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel will decrease by about 2%, and the self-generation rate of waste heat, pressure, and energy will increase by more than 3 percentage points. From 2024 to 2025, the steel industry’s energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation will generate energy savings equivalent to about 20 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 53 million tons.

(4) Energy-saving and carbon reduction actions in the petrochemical industry

1. Strictly enforce petrochemical industry policy requirements. Strengthen rigid constraints on petrochemical industry planning and layout. Strictly control new capacity in refining, calcium carbide, phosphate fertilizer, yellow phosphorus, and other industries; prohibit new mercury-based polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride capacity; strictly control the scale of new delayed coking production. New and expanded petrochemical projects must meet energy efficiency benchmark levels and environmental performance grade A levels; capacity used for replacement must be shut down and dismantled in a timely manner as required. Completely phase out atmospheric and vacuum distillation units with capacity of 2 million tons/year or less. By the end of 2025, the country’s crude oil primary processing capacity will be controlled within 1 billion tons.

2. Accelerate energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation in the petrochemical industry. Implement energy system optimization, strengthen recovery and utilization of high-pressure and low-pressure steam, vent gas, waste heat, and pressure; promote large-scale high-efficiency compressors, advanced gasifiers, and other energy-saving equipment. By the end of 2025, the proportion of refining, ethylene, synthetic ammonia, and calcium carbide industry capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will exceed 30%, and capacity below the energy efficiency baseline will complete technical transformation or be phased out. From 2024 to 2025, the petrochemical industry’s energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation will generate energy savings equivalent to about 40 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 110 million tons.

3. Promote process reengineering in the petrochemical industry. Accelerate the promotion of advanced processes such as the new generation of ion membrane electrolyzers. Vigorously promote renewable energy substitution, encourage research and application of renewable energy hydrogen production technologies, support the construction of green hydrogen refining projects, and gradually reduce coal-based hydrogen consumption in the industry. Orderly promote the shift from steam-driven to electric-driven processes, and encourage large petrochemical parks to explore the use of nuclear energy for steam and heat supply.

(5) Energy-saving and carbon reduction actions in the non-ferrous metals industry

1. Optimize capacity layout in the non-ferrous metals industry. Strictly implement capacity replacement for electrolytic aluminum, strictly control new capacity in copper, alumina, and other smelting industries, and reasonably plan new capacity in silicon, lithium, magnesium, and other industries. Vigorously develop the recycled metals industry. By the end of 2025, the supply proportion of recycled metals will reach over 24%, and the proportion of direct alloying of molten aluminum will increase to over 90%.

2. Strictly control new non-ferrous metals project approvals. New and expanded electrolytic aluminum projects must meet energy efficiency benchmark levels and environmental performance grade A levels; new and expanded alumina projects must meet advanced standards of mandatory energy consumption limits. New polysilicon and lithium battery anode and cathode projects must meet industry advanced energy efficiency levels.

3. Promote energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation in the non-ferrous metals industry. Promote advanced technologies such as efficient and stable aluminum electrolysis, continuous blowing refining of copper matte, vertical reduction magnesium smelting, and large-scale submerged arc furnace silicon production; accelerate energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation in the non-ferrous metals industry. By the end of 2025, the proportion of electrolytic aluminum capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will reach 30%, renewable energy usage will reach over 25%; the proportion of copper, lead, and zinc smelting capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will reach 50%; capacity below the energy efficiency baseline will complete technical transformation or be phased out. From 2024 to 2025, the non-ferrous metals industry’s energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation will generate energy savings equivalent to about 5 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 13 million tons.

(6) Energy-saving and carbon reduction actions in the building materials industry

1. Strengthen capacity and output regulation in the building materials industry. Strictly implement capacity replacement for cement and flat glass. Strengthen monitoring and early warning of output in the building materials industry, and promote normalized staggered production of cement. Encourage comprehensive utilization of tailings, waste rock, waste slag, industrial by-product gypsum, and other materials. By the end of 2025, the national cement clinker capacity will be controlled at about 1.8 billion tons.

2. Strictly control new building materials project approvals. New and expanded cement, ceramics, and flat glass projects must meet energy efficiency benchmark levels and environmental performance grade A levels. Vigorously develop green building materials, promote productization of basic raw materials, lightweight wall insulation materials, and prefabricated decorative and renovation materials. By the end of 2025, the proportion of cement and ceramics industry capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will reach 30%, flat glass industry capacity above the energy efficiency benchmark level will reach 20%, and capacity below the energy efficiency baseline will complete technical transformation or be phased out.

3. Promote energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation in the building materials industry. Optimize the energy structure of the building materials industry and promote coal electrification. Accelerate substitution of cement raw materials and improve the resource utilization level of industrial solid waste. Promote energy-saving processes and equipment such as float glass multi-line per kiln, dry ceramic powder production, low-resistance cyclone preheater, and high-efficiency grate cooler. By the end of 2025, about 50% of cement clinker capacity in key air pollution control areas will complete ultra-low emission transformation. From 2024 to 2025, the building materials industry’s energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation will generate energy savings equivalent to about 10 million tons of standard coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 26 million tons.

(7) Building energy-saving and carbon reduction actions

1. Accelerate transformation of construction methods. Strictly implement mandatory building energy-saving and carbon reduction standards, strengthen green design and construction management, and develop and promote new building materials and advanced technologies. Vigorously develop prefabricated buildings, actively promote intelligent construction, and accelerate integrated photovoltaic construction in buildings. Promote clean heating in northern regions according to local conditions and promote large-scale development of waste heat heating. By the end of 2025, all new urban buildings will fully implement green building standards; the photovoltaic coverage rate on new public institution buildings and new factory roofs will strive to reach 50%; the renewable energy substitution rate for urban buildings will reach 8%; the area of newly built ultra-low energy consumption buildings and near-zero energy buildings will increase by more than 20 million square meters compared with 2023.

2. Promote renovation of existing buildings. Implement policies related to large-scale equipment upgrades, combine with urban renewal actions and renovation of old residential communities, promote upgrades of heat pump units, radiators, chillers, exterior windows (curtain walls), exterior walls (roofs) insulation, lighting equipment, elevators, and old heating supply networks, and accelerate building energy-saving renovations. Accelerate heating metering renovation and heat-based billing; each region should clarify quantitative targets and renovation deadlines based on actual conditions. Implement energy-saving door and window promotion actions. By the end of 2025, the area of existing building energy-saving renovations will increase by more than 200 million square meters compared with 2023; urban heating network heat loss will decrease by about 2 percentage points compared with 2020; energy-saving rates of renovated residential and public buildings will increase by 30% and 20%, respectively.

3. Strengthen building operation management. Conduct energy-saving inspections of public and residential buildings in batches. Establish an operation adjustment system for public buildings and strictly control indoor temperatures. Explore and promote intelligent group control technology for electrical equipment in large public buildings to reasonably allocate electrical loads.

(8) Energy-saving and Carbon Reduction Actions in Transportation

1. Promote the construction of low-carbon transportation infrastructure. Improve the electrification level of energy use in stations, railways, airports, etc., promote the new energy transformation of non-road mobile machinery, and accelerate the matching renovation of domestic transport ships and port shore power facilities. Encourage the construction of photovoltaic power generation facilities at transportation hubs and along road networks. Strengthen the construction of charging infrastructure. Develop urban rail transit and rapid bus systems according to local conditions, and accelerate the continuous networking of dedicated bus lanes. Improve urban slow traffic systems.

2. Promote the low-carbon transformation of transportation equipment. Accelerate the elimination of old motor vehicles and raise energy consumption limits for operating vehicles. Gradually remove restrictions on the purchase of new energy vehicles in various regions. Implement supportive policies such as facilitating the passage of new energy vehicles. Promote the electrification of public sector vehicles, orderly promote new energy medium and heavy trucks, and develop zero-emission freight fleets. Promote the scrapping and renewal of old transport ships and pilot the electrification renovation of coastal and inland river vessels. By the end of 2025, reduce the carbon dioxide emission intensity in the transportation sector by 5% compared to 2020.

3. Optimize the transportation structure. Promote the construction of port collection and distribution railways, logistics park rail lines, and dedicated railway lines for large industrial and mining enterprises. Promote the shift of bulk goods and container medium- and long-distance transport from road to rail and water. Accelerate the development of multimodal transport and promote clean transportation in key industries. Implement a priority development strategy for urban public transportation. Accelerate the green, low-carbon, intensive, and efficient development of urban freight distribution. By the end of 2025, increase railway and waterway freight volumes by 10% and 12% respectively compared to 2020, and reduce the comprehensive energy consumption per unit turnover of railways by 4.5% compared to 2020.

(9) Energy-saving and Carbon Reduction Actions in Public Institutions

1. Strengthen energy-saving and carbon reduction management in public institutions. Strictly implement energy-saving target responsibility evaluation and assessment for public institutions, and explore energy consumption quota budgeting systems. Administrative management departments at all levels must report the results of energy-saving target responsibility evaluations to the corresponding people's governments annually. By the end of 2025, reduce energy consumption per unit building area, carbon emissions per unit building area, and per capita comprehensive energy consumption in public institutions by 5%, 7%, and 6% respectively compared to 2020.

2. Implement energy-saving and carbon reduction renovations in public institutions. Implement list management for energy-saving and carbon reduction renovations and energy equipment updates in public institutions. Promote coal reduction and substitution, and accelerate the elimination of old diesel official vehicles. By the end of 2025, reduce coal consumption in public institutions to below 13%, and ensure that 80% of newly added key energy-consuming equipment such as boilers, power distribution, elevators, heating, and cooling in central and state organs meet advanced energy efficiency levels.

(10) Energy-saving and Carbon Reduction Actions for Energy-using Products and Equipment

1. Accelerate the update and renovation of energy-using products, equipment, and facilities. Dynamically update advanced energy efficiency, energy-saving levels, and access standards for key energy-using products and equipment. Promote the upgrade of key energy-using equipment and accelerate energy-saving and carbon reduction renovations of data centers. Compared with 2021, by 2025, increase the average operating thermal efficiency of industrial boilers and power plant boilers by more than 5 and 0.5 percentage points respectively; increase the proportion of high-efficiency energy-saving motors and transformers in operation by more than 5 and 10 percentage points respectively; and achieve proportions of high-efficiency energy-saving products in commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment, household refrigeration equipment, and general lighting equipment of 40%, 60%, and 50% respectively.

2. Strengthen the recycling of waste products and equipment. Accelerate the construction of a waste material recycling system and strengthen the supply-demand connection for waste product and equipment recycling and disposal. Carry out corporate recycling target responsibility actions. Strengthen recycling and reuse in industrial equipment, information and communication, wind power and photovoltaics, power batteries, etc. Establish basic databases for important resource consumption, recycling, disposal, and recycled raw material consumption.

3. Management Mechanism

(1) Strengthen energy-saving and carbon reduction target responsibility and evaluation. Implement policies excluding raw material energy use and non-fossil energy from total energy consumption and intensity control, and break down energy-saving and carbon reduction target tasks by region, key fields, and industries. Strictly implement energy-saving target responsibility evaluation, coordinating assessments of energy-saving renovations and non-fossil energy consumption. Strengthen analysis of energy-saving and carbon reduction trends, implement energy consumption intensity reduction alerts and warnings, and reinforce carbon emission intensity reduction progress assessments. Hold enterprises accountable for energy-saving and carbon reduction. Strengthen energy-saving and carbon reduction target assessments in the performance evaluations of central enterprise leaders.

(2) Strictly review energy-saving in fixed asset investment projects and environmental impact assessments. Strengthen energy-saving review at the source, effectively use standards for energy consumption, emissions, and technology to prevent blind approval of high energy-consuming, high-emission, and low-level projects. Establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for energy-saving review authority of major projects, study the centralization of energy-saving review authority for certain large projects in key industries, and strengthen supervision during and after energy-saving reviews. Incorporate carbon emission evaluation requirements into energy-saving reviews of fixed asset investment projects, and conduct comprehensive evaluations of project energy use and carbon emissions. Strictly implement environmental impact assessment systems for construction projects, and conduct greenhouse gas emission environmental impact assessments for key industry construction projects. Conduct planning environmental impact assessments for major energy engineering construction according to law.

(3) Strengthen energy-saving and carbon reduction management of key energy-using units. Establish energy-saving management files for key energy-using units, strengthen reporting and review of energy use status, and improve the construction and operation of online energy consumption monitoring systems. Conduct energy efficiency diagnostics in key fields, and establish and improve lists of energy-saving and carbon reduction renovation and energy equipment update projects. Decompose renewable energy power consumption responsibility weights to key energy-using units. Implement fossil energy consumption budget management for key energy-using units, offsetting excess consumption through the purchase of green electricity and green certificates.

(4) Increase energy-saving supervision efforts. Accelerate the improvement of provincial, municipal, and county-level energy-saving supervision systems, coordinate the use of comprehensive administrative law enforcement, market supervision law enforcement, special equipment supervision, credit management, and other means, and strengthen supervision and inspection of the implementation of energy-saving laws, regulations, policies, and standards. By the end of 2024, complete energy-saving supervision for more than 60% of key energy-using units in each region; by the end of 2025, achieve full coverage of energy-saving supervision for key energy-using units.

(5) Strengthen energy consumption and carbon emission statistics and accounting. Establish a rapid reporting system for energy consumption and carbon emissions compatible with energy-saving and carbon reduction target management, improving data accuracy and timeliness. Consolidate statistical accounting foundations for fossil energy, non-fossil energy, and raw material energy use. Actively carry out energy consumption and carbon emission monitoring and analysis based on electricity and carbon market data.

4. Support and Guarantee

(1) Improve systems and standards. Promote the revision of the Energy Conservation Law, timely improve systems such as energy-saving review methods for fixed asset investment projects, energy-saving management methods for key energy-using units, and energy-saving supervision methods, strengthen incentives and constraints, and implement full-chain energy consumption management. Improve the national carbon market legal system. In conjunction with promoting large-scale equipment updates and old-for-new replacement of consumer goods, benchmark domestic and international advanced levels, accelerate the formulation and revision of mandatory energy-saving standards, and expand the scope of standards. Set energy-saving standards with level 1, 2, and 3 (or 5) indicators according to the top 5%, top 20%, and top 80% energy efficiency levels of related industries and product equipment.

(2) Improve pricing policies. Implement coal power capacity electricity prices, deepen the market-oriented reform of new energy grid electricity prices, and study and improve the pricing mechanism for energy storage. Strictly prohibit electricity price discounts for high energy-consuming industries. Strengthen the coordination of pricing policies with industrial and environmental protection policies, comprehensively consider energy consumption and environmental performance levels, and improve the tiered electricity pricing system for high energy-consuming industries. Deepen the reform of heat metering and charging, and orderly promote the two-part heat pricing system.

(3) Strengthen financial support. Leverage the government's investment to amplify effects, actively support energy-saving and carbon reduction renovations and energy equipment upgrades, and promote the expansion of effective investment. Encourage regions to use existing funding channels to support energy-saving and carbon reduction renovations, energy equipment upgrades, and improvements in energy and carbon emission statistical accounting capabilities. Implement favorable fiscal and tax policies for energy saving and carbon reduction. Utilize green finance to guide financial institutions to provide funding support for energy-saving and carbon reduction projects according to market-oriented and law-based principles.

(4) Strengthen technological leadership. Fully utilize the role of major national science and technology projects, focusing on tackling a batch of key common technologies for energy saving and carbon reduction. Steadily advance the construction of demonstration projects for green and low-carbon advanced technologies. Revise and publish the green technology promotion catalog, advocating the best energy-saving technologies and best energy-saving practices. Actively cultivate "leaders" in energy efficiency among key energy-consuming products and equipment, key industry enterprises, and public institutions.

(5) Improve market-oriented mechanisms. Actively promote the "one-stop" comprehensive service model including energy-saving consulting, diagnosis, design, financing, renovation, and management. Promote paid use and trading of energy consumption rights, supporting regions with conditions to carry out cross-provincial trading of energy consumption rights. Prudently expand the coverage of the national carbon emission trading market, gradually implement a combination of free and paid carbon emission quota allocation methods. Implement carbon emission quota management for key emission units included in the national carbon emission trading market. Orderly build a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market and strengthen the data quality supervision mechanism. Accelerate the construction of the green certificate trading market, ensure good connection with the carbon market, and expand the scale of green electricity consumption.

(6) Implement nationwide actions. In conjunction with activities such as National Ecology Day, National Energy Conservation Publicity Week, and National Low Carbon Day, increase publicity efforts for energy saving and carbon reduction, advocate a simple, moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyle, and enhance the public's awareness and ability for energy saving and carbon reduction. Fully utilize the media's role, improve public participation systems, increase exposure of energy waste behaviors, and create a new trend where everyone, in every matter, at all times participates in energy saving and carbon reduction.

All regions and departments must, under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, focus on target tasks, intensify efforts, ensure work implementation, adhere to establishing before dismantling, prudently manage work rhythm, continuously promote energy efficiency improvement and emission reduction, while focusing on ensuring energy demand for high-quality development, and strive to complete the binding energy saving and carbon reduction targets of the 14th Five-Year Plan. The National Development and Reform Commission should strengthen overall coordination, manage work scheduling, and reinforce evaluation and assessment of energy saving target responsibilities. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment should strengthen management of the 14th Five-Year Plan carbon emission intensity reduction targets. Relevant departments should refine measures according to their responsibilities, enforce accountability, and promote the implementation of all tasks. Local people's governments at all levels are fully responsible for energy saving and carbon reduction work in their administrative regions; the main responsible persons are the first responsible individuals, who must detail and implement plans and strengthen deployment and promotion. Major matters should be reported and requested for instructions in a timely manner according to procedures.